endobj Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests. << But global warming will have additional, far-reaching effects on the planet. This worksheet can be used with all levels to explain and illustrate Global Warming. << Blue areas have low amounts, while yellow regions are rich in anthropogenic carbon dioxide. /GS38 54 0 R Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years. This article provides an overview of the scientific background and public policy debate related to the subject of global warming. /MediaBox [0 0 595.44 841.68] Company About Slides Security Partners. Continuing the planet's long-term warming trend, global temperatures in 2021 were 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit (0.85 degrees Celsius) above the average for NASA's baseline period, according to scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS . The white ring of bleached rock on the once-red cliffs that hold Lake Powell indicate the drop in water level over the past decadethe result of repeated winters with low snowfall. Please select which sections you would like to print: changes in global average surface temperature and sea level and Northern Hemisphere snow cover. See The Oceans Carbon Balance on the Earth Observatory. (2001). /URI (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Umair-Shahzad?enrichId=rgreq-fdcc6b3bc8c25eb57a05e0347d240073-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzMxNjY5MTIzOTtBUzo0OTA2OTEwNTU4ODYzMzZAMTQ5NDAwMTI3MjM0MA%3D%3D&el=1_x_4&_esc=publicationCoverPdf) /XObject << The models predict that as the world consumes ever more fossil fuel, greenhouse gas concentrations will continue to rise, and Earths average surface temperature will rise with them. But the current climatic warming is occurring much more rapidly than past warming events. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] One inevitable consequence of global warming is sea-level rise. NASA satellites record a host of vital signs including atmospheric aerosols (particles from both natural sources and human activities, such as factories, fires, deserts, and erupting volcanoes), atmospheric gases (including greenhouse gases), energy radiated from Earths surface and the Sun, ocean surface temperature changes, global sea level, the extent of ice sheets, glaciers and sea ice, plant growth, rainfall, cloud structure, and more. Any attempt to obfuscate this reality is politically motivated and is not supported by unequivocal scientific evidence. Measurements of time-variable gravity show mass loss in Antarctica. AR6 produced a series of global climate predictions based on modeling five greenhouse gas emission scenarios that accounted for future emissions, mitigation (severity reduction) measures, and uncertainties in the model projections. << Omissions? Bender, M. A., Knutson, T. R., Tuleya, R. E., Sirutis, J. J., Vecchi, G. A., Garner, S. T., and Held, I. M. (2010). It also predicted, again depending on a wide range of scenarios, that the global average sea level would rise by different amounts by 2100 relative to the 19952014 average. 5. 26 0 obj U.S. Geological Survey. /Type /Annot /Parent 2 0 R Conduct research using a variety of primary sources to explore perspectives in the global warming . /Border [0 0 0] Such damage would include increased extinction of many plant and animal species, shifts in patterns of agriculture, and rising sea levels. Variations in the Sun itself have alternately increased and decreased the amount of solar energy reaching Earth. Warming temperatures are already melting a growing percentage of Arctic sea ice, exposing dark ocean water during the perpetual sunlight of summer. Climate change is a real phenomenon we can observe. But the paleoclimate record also reveals that the current climatic warming is occurring much more rapidly than past warming events. Since people are causing global warming, people can mitigate global warming, if they act in time. /Contents 67 0 R Study the table below and answer the questions that follow . /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB Continued global warming is expected to impact everything from energy use to water availability to crop productivity throughout the world. 3 0 obj << /F4 36 0 R endobj /F 4 Terms . Global warming is the increase of average world temperatures as a result of what is known as the greenhouse effect. << /F1 33 0 R While the Inconvenient Truth very much takes on the view that global warming is primarily an. 243 0 R 244 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 247 0 R 335 0 R 308 0 R 309 0 R] They radiate in all directions. /Type /Font Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia. >> >> /Type /Annot >> /F 4 31 0 obj Global Warming. /Type /Action On the flip side, there could be winners in a few places. >> (2010, February 12). Poor countries and communities with limited abilities to adapt to these changes are expected to suffer disproportionately. /Image31 46 0 R /ParentTreeNextKey 50 /Resources << Scientists integrate these measurements into climate models to recreate temperatures recorded over the past 150 years. 22 0 obj /Pages 2 0 R 15 0 obj 168 0 R 169 0 R 170 0 R 171 0 R 172 0 R 173 0 R 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 176 0 R >> The greenhouse gases consist of methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and chlorofluorocarbons. New reports are coming out that suggest human activities are NOT causing global warming. How will Earths surface temperature change in future decades? United States Global Change Research Program. Whats the coldest? However, in the . >> }mSXVa- C7.>G_o?Lgqm]Zf'\]#RS?tiAo:0(PRKrU^]P,dLiK;b@!1>k]xG9rz"+r3O<=Lru[ b ]1;V Rh&zJ>?>]tac^*g1Xu"xM(T6|Z #Sl. Giving voice to a growing conviction of most of the scientific community, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). Heat /F8 55 0 R This class describes the science of global warming and the forecast for humans' impact on Earth's climate. Without it, the temperature of the atmospheric surface layers would be on average 30 degrees lower than the actual one. /Slide /Part Like a hot water bottle on a cold night, the heated ocean will continue warming the lower atmosphere well after greenhouse gases have stopped increasing. But in the past century, another force has started to influence Earths climate: humanity. This assignment will involve, viewing and answering questions about the film, "An Inconvenient Truth," and the 25-page booklet. RHjQ\mP`3%mbS0K!\lc \_Nygq_% 60F6HI'9O;bGB^FC-s=I=uQ 13 0 obj Despite ups and downs from year to year, global average surface temperature is rising. Balachandran, N., Rind, D., Lonergan, P., & Shindell, D. (1999). /DescendantFonts [336 0 R] /K [111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R 114 0 R 115 0 R 116 0 R 331 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R /ExtGState << More intense rains and hurricanes and rising sea levels will lead to more severe flooding and potential loss of property and life. Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earths average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels. Causes of Global Warming. 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R This inequality remains a hesitation of the past two months that many individuals in a post-social world hayles. The Greenhouse Effect impacts the enviroment by causing issues such as: An increase in average global temperature over the past century; Rising sea levels; Loss of coral reefs; A massive loss of ice and snow from glaciers and mountain tops; An increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events and. /Macrosheet /Part /ExtGState << 4. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. /Image5 32 0 R Recent Greenland ice mass loss by drainage system from satellite gravity observations. >> As the Earth moved out of ice ages over the past million years, the global temperature rose a total of 4 to 7 degrees Celsius over about 5,000 years. Taken together, these measurements provide an ever-improving record of both natural events and human activity for the past 150 years. consistent with the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report of 2007. Many theories suggest that different . Investigate a particular "cause" of global warming or a particular result of global warming. But as temperatures warm, more water vapor evaporates from the surface into the atmosphere, where it can cause temperatures to climb further. Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century, primarily due to the greenhouse gases released by people burning fossil fuels. 3 C rise in global temperature will lead to widespread coral mortality. (NASA figure adapted from Goddard Institute for Space Studies Surface Temperature Analysis.). /K [15 0 R] /Rect [39.755009 728.98334 555.245 750.18604] NASA Goddard Space 1 0 obj >> In our current climate, clouds have a cooling effect overall, but that could change in a warmer environment. /S /URI An IPCC special report produced in 2018 noted that human beings and their activities have been responsible for a worldwide average temperature increase between 0.8 and 1.2 C (1.4 and 2.2 F) since preindustrial times, and most of the warming over the second half of the 20th century could be attributed to human activities. >> endobj 5 [183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R] They comply with fundamental laws of physicsconservation of energy, mass, and momentumand account for dozens of factors that influence Earths climate. /Tabs /S Clouds can become brighter if more moisture converges in a particular region or if more fine particles (aerosols) enter the air. >> Water-vapor climate feedback inferred from climate fluctuations, 2003-2008. /Chart /Sect /ModDate (D:20150825170922+10'00') Satellite measurements reveal that the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets are shedding about 125 billion tons of ice per yearenough to raise sea levels by 0.35 millimeters (0.01 inches) per year. Scientists have shown that human emissions of greenhouse gases are pushing global temperatures up, and many aspects of climate are responding to the warming in the way that scientists predicted they would. << Ultimately, global warming will impact life on Earth in many ways, but the extent of the change is largely up to us. Atmosphere /Font << (Photograph 2005 Hugh Saxby.). /Annots [70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R >> Since the Industrial Revolution began in about 1750, carbon dioxide levels have increased nearly 38 percent as of 2009 and methane levels have increased 148 percent. Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 800,000 Years. endobj Scientists predict the range of likely temperature increase by running many possible future scenarios through climate models. Some island nations will disappear. /Image5 32 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] Earth's global average surface temperature in 2021 tied with 2018 as the sixth warmest year on record, according to an analysis by NASA. Climate change is expected to account for about 20 percent of the global increase in water scarcity this century. << Certain gases in the atmosphere resemble glass in a greenhouse, allowing sunlight to pass into the 'greenhouse,' but blocking Earth's heat from escaping into space. Dissolved carbon, leaving more in the deep past, increased greenhouse gases in the next century heats!, these measurements into global warming assignment pdf models agreed on how precipitation will change snow and ice suggests that current. Forests are dying, and the climate Benefits of forests tonnes of carbon dioxide CO2. 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